Saturday, December 8, 2012

Why Not Put Catiline to Death?

                                                                   History:
Decree of the State/Senatus consultum: The senate had decreed on October 21 that the consuls be given "supreme authority for the protestion of the state." Cicero felt that this decree gave him all the authority needed to put Catiline to death. Some might not know this but the senatus consultum was originally an advice rather than a law. the Roman state, summoned into session by a magistrate who submitted matters to it for discussion and debate. Whatever a majority voted in favour of was termed “the Senate’s advice” (senatus consultum). These advisory decrees were directed to a magistrate or the Roman people. In most instances, they were either implemented by a magistrate or submitted by him to the people.
Patres Conscripti: This is written in the vocative case. As individuals they were the senatores; sitting as a body they were adressed as "patres conscripti", similar to "assembled fathers." The Senate was established by Romulus as an advisory council consisting of the 100 heads of families, called Patres. When Lucius Junius Brutus increased the number of Senators to 300 at the beginning of the Republic, they were also called Conscripti ("Conscripted Men"), because Brutus had enrolled them. Thenceforth members of the Senate were addressed as patres et conscripti or simply patres conscripti ("Conscript Fathers"). Simply, it is the Roman Senate. When Cicero uses this phrase he is asking the "conscript fathers" to forgive him of his negligence.
Catiline's camp at Faesulae, Etruria: This camp was run by Gaius Manlius, who was a centurion or professional officer, from Sulla's old army. Here at Etruria he assembled an army for Catiline. Manlius collects troops at Faesulae in Etruria. Minor disturbances in other parts of Italy. After the Roman people found out about Catiline's plan, Manlius raises in open revolt at Faesulae.
                                            Rhetorical Figure's of Speech:
During his speech Cicero uses many different figurative language. In this part of his speech, Cicero uses: anaphora, rhetorical question, two's and three's, similies, metaphor, and irony. Cicero uses these rhetorical devices to add more power and interest to his piece, and also emphasize his points during the speech.
Anaphora: the repetition of a word or words at the beginning of two or more sucessive clauses or sentences
         Example:Nihilne te...nihil urbis...nihil timor...nihil concursus...nihil hic...nihil horum."
Rhetorical question: asked only for effect and not a stated answer
          Example: quo usque tandem abutere, Catilina, patientia nostra...."
Two's and three's: why give one question, when you could give more.
Example: "Quo usque... Quam diu...Quem ad finem?"
Similies: a comparison using like or as
  Example: "tamquam in vagina reconditum"
Metaphors: a comparison that does not use like or as
Example: ''patimur hebescere aciem horum auctoritatis"
Irony: a statement where the opposite of what is said is implied
Example: ''nos autem, fortes viri, satis facere...si vitamus"

1 comment:

  1. Very good. Many of those rhetorical fig's of speech are from "Catiline's Audacity"

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